{"id":205,"date":"2026-05-11T18:59:57","date_gmt":"2026-05-11T10:59:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/?p=205"},"modified":"2026-05-11T18:59:57","modified_gmt":"2026-05-11T10:59:57","slug":"shell%e4%b8%89%e5%89%91%e5%ae%a2%e4%b9%8bawk%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/?p=205","title":{"rendered":"Shell\u4e09\u5251\u5ba2\u4e4bawk\u6307\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1aawk\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5982\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"toc-0\">1. awk\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u66f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u548c\u751f\u6210\u62a5\u544a\uff08excel\uff09\u3002\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u9053\u83b7\u53d6\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\uff0cawk\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0a\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u8f91\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u6210awk\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u8bb2\u89e3awk\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"toc-1\">2. awk\u683c\u5f0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u7531\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u7ec4\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6a21\u5f0f\u65e2pattern,\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7406\u89e3\u6210sed\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b63\u659c\u6760\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002\u6bd4\u5982NR==1\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4ed6\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a8\u4f5c\u5373action\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u5728\u5927\u62ec\u53f7\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u6216\u591a\u6761\u8bed\u53e5\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u8bed\u53e5\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u53f7\u9694\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/codeODdiODkwNjY2NjJmNDM2ZDVmYTdhZDFiY2NlNmVjNmVfU3M5QVVFb3hFZzJpcVN4UlVENGRydjVmTDZ1VXVoYUtfVG9rZW46VjJqOGJtbnBBb29mcGR4eFBVcWM1YldRbmxlXzE3Nzg0OTcxNTI6MTc3ODUwMDc1Ml9WNA.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u6765\u81ea\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\uff08&lt;\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7ba1\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/codeNGQwYzZhZjQyNTRjMmZhYmQ4OWMzZjgxZDZmZWUyZDdfY2NFbTJXaDdQMnZQeXVZemo1am9FcjVGNzFjRjkzWWtfVG9rZW46TEl5b2JWVzQ4b3ZVWHJ4NEwyVmNkanF4bmViXzE3Nzg0OTcxNTI6MTc3ODUwMDc1Ml9WNA.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">options\u65e2\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u591a\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a-F\uff08Field\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0e\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u5217\u4e0e\u5217\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u683c\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">pattern\u65e2\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53eb\u627e\u8c01\uff0c\u4f60\u627e\u8c01\uff1f\u9ad8\u77ee\uff0c\u80d6\u7626\uff0c\u7537\u5973\uff1f\u90fd\u662f\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u65e2\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">action\u65e2\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5e72\u5565\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4eba\u4e4b\u540e\u4f60\u8981\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<code class=\"prettyprint\" >awk -F&quot;\u5206\u9694\u7b26&quot; &#039;\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u52a8\u4f5c&#039; file<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-F\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u662f\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\uff0c\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u52a8\u4f5c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u5305\u88f9\uff01\uff01\uff01<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6211\u4eec\u653e\u5728\u540e\u9762\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5927\u5bb6\u5148\u5bf9awk\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e86\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b1\uff1a\u57fa\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e\u52a8\u4f5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F &quot;:&quot; &#039;NR&gt;=2 &amp;&amp; NR&lt;=6{print NR,$1}&#039; \/etc\/passwd\n2 bin\n3 daemon\n4 adm\n5 lp\n6 sync\n\n\u547d\u4ee4\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\n-F \u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u4e3a\u5192\u53f7\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4ee5\u201c\uff1a\u201d\u4e3a\u83dc\u5200\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u5207\u5272\u3002\nNR&gt;=2 &amp;&amp; NR&lt;=6\uff1a\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u8868\u793a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53d6\u7b2c2\u884c\u5230\u7b2c6\u884c\u3002\n{print NR,$1}\uff1a\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8981\u8f93\u51faNR\u884c\u53f7\u548c$1\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u3002\n$1\u4ee3\u8868\u7b2c1\u5217\n$2\u4ee3\u8868\u7b2c2\u5217\n\u4f9d\u6b21\u7c7b\u63a8<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NR == Number\uff08\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u53f7\u7801\uff09+ Record\uff08\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001\u884c\uff09== \u884c\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b2\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F &quot;:&quot; &#039;NR&gt;=2 &amp;&amp; NR&lt;=6&#039; \/etc\/passwd\nbin:x:1:1:bin:\/bin:\/sbin\/nologin\ndaemon:x:2:2:daemon:\/sbin:\/sbin\/nologin\nadm:x:3:4:adm:\/var\/adm:\/sbin\/nologin\nlp:x:4:7:lp:\/var\/spool\/lpd:\/sbin\/nologin\nsync:x:5:0:sync:\/sbin:\/bin\/sync\n\n\u547d\u4ee4\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\n-F\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u4e3a\u5192\u53f7\nNR&gt;=2&amp;&amp;NR&lt;=6\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53d6\u7b2c2\u884c\u5230\u7b2c6\u884c\u3002\n\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5927\u5bb6\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u6ca1\u6709\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0cawk\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8f93\u51fa\u6574\u884c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b3\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u52a8\u4f5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aawk\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e5f\u662f\u6309\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F &quot;:&quot; &#039;{print NR,$1}&#039; \/etc\/passwd\n1 root\n2 bin\n3 daemon\n4 adm\n5 lp\n6 sync\n7 shutdown\n8 halt\n9 mail\n10 uucp\n\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7701\u7565....\n\n\u547d\u4ee4\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\n-F\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u4e3a\u5192\u53f7\n\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u90fd\u5904\u7406\n{print NR,$1}\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u663e\u793aNR\u884c\u53f7\u4e0e$1\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\n\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u6ca1\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cawk\u4f1a\u5904\u7406\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b4\uff1a\u591a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e\u591a\u52a8\u4f5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F &quot;:&quot; &#039;NR==1{print NR,$1}NR==2{print NR,$NF}&#039; \/etc\/passwd\n1 root\n2 \/sbin\/nologin\n\n\u547d\u4ee4\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\n-F\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u4e3a\u5192\u53f7\n\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\nNR==1\u8868\u793a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u884c\u53f7\uff08NR\uff09\u7b49\u4e8e1\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6267\u884c{print NR,$1}\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u884c\u53f7\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u3002\nNR==2\u8868\u793a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u884c\u53f7\uff08NR\uff09\u7b49\u4e8e2\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6267\u884c{print NR,$NF}\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u884c\u53f7\u4e0e\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217\uff08$NF\uff09<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NR\uff1aNumber Record\uff0c\u884c\u53f7\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NF\uff1aNumber Field\uff0c\u5217\u53f7\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8ba1\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c$NF\u4ee3\u8868\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pattern\u548c{Action}\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u5f15\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u9632\u6b62Shell\u4f5c\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pattern\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\uff0cawk\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0cawk\u5219\u53ea\u5904\u7406\u5339\u914d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">{Action}\u4e3aawk\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4f46\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u6574\u4e2aAction\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6240\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\uff09\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728{ \u548c }\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Action\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab{ }\u5305\u88f9\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab{ }\u5305\u88f9\u7684\u5c31\u662fPattern<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">file\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"toc-2\">3. awk\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3awk\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053awk\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># mkdir \/server\/files\/ -p\n# head \/etc\/passwd &gt; \/server\/files\/awkfile.txt\n# cat \/server\/files\/awkfile.txt \nroot:x:0:0:root:\/root:\/bin\/bash\nbin:x:1:1:bin:\/bin:\/sbin\/nologin\ndaemon:x:2:2:daemon:\/sbin:\/sbin\/nologin\nadm:x:3:4:adm:\/var\/adm:\/sbin\/nologin\nlp:x:4:7:lp:\/var\/spool\/lpd:\/sbin\/nologin\nsync:x:5:0:sync:\/sbin:\/bin\/sync\nshutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:\/sbin:\/sbin\/shutdown\nhalt:x:7:0:halt:\/sbin:\/sbin\/halt\nmail:x:8:12:mail:\/var\/spool\/mail:\/sbin\/nologin\nuucp:x:10:14:uucp:\/var\/spool\/uucp:\/sbin\/nologin<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6f14\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk &#039;NR&gt;=2{print $0}&#039; \/server\/files\/awkfile.txt \nbin:x:1:1:bin:\/bin:\/sbin\/nologin\ndaemon:x:2:2:daemon:\/sbin:\/sbin\/nologin\nadm:x:3:4:adm:\/var\/adm:\/sbin\/nologin\nlp:x:4:7:lp:\/var\/spool\/lpd:\/sbin\/nologin\nsync:x:5:0:sync:\/sbin:\/bin\/sync\nshutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:\/sbin:\/sbin\/shutdown\nhalt:x:7:0:halt:\/sbin:\/sbin\/halt\nmail:x:8:12:mail:\/var\/spool\/mail:\/sbin\/nologin\nuucp:x:10:14:uucp:\/var\/spool\/uucp:\/sbin\/nologin\n\n\u547d\u4ee4\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\n\u6761\u4ef6NR&gt;=2,\u8868\u793a\u884c\u53f7\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e2\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6267\u884c{print $0}\u663e\u793a\u6574\u884c\u3002\nawk\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u884c\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6a21\u5f0f\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u6761\u4ef6\uff09\u548c\u52a8\u4f5c\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u52a8\u4f5c\uff09\uff0cawk\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u6761\u4ef6\uff09\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\n\n$0\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709\u5217\uff0c$1\u4ee3\u8868\u7b2c1\u5217\uff0c$2\u4ee3\u8868\u7b2c2\u5217\uff0c... $NF\u4ee3\u8868\u6700\u540e1\u5217<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460 awk\u8bfb\u5165\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461 \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u6761\u4ef6NR&gt;=2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u5339\u914d\u5219\u6267\u884c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c{print $0}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462 \u7ee7\u7eed\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2463 \u91cd\u590d\u8fc7\u7a0b1-3\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\uff08EOF\uff1aend of file\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/codeNDU5NGJkNTE0ZDc0N2JiZTU4OWZmZDk3NDk5Nzk1M2JfTFRicXhmNEs1SkRDWU9DUTZHSDVsa0pXVDk3bGM4ZWZfVG9rZW46TUN5cmJyYnJvb2FYZFN4b2pJSGNpSVZObmtoXzE3Nzg0OTcxNTI6MTc3ODUwMDc1Ml9WNA.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"toc-3\">4. awk\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08\u884c\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u6709\u884c\u6709\u5217\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5b57\u6bb5 \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u5e26\u6765\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u5927\u5bb6\u7406\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8bb0\u5f55\u5c31\u5f53\u4f5c\u884c\u5373\u8bb0\u5f55==\u884c\uff0c\u5b57\u6bb5\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5217\uff0c\u5b57\u6bb5==\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u540d\u79f0<\/td><td>\u542b\u4e49<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>record<\/td><td>\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u884c =&gt; NR\uff08Number Record\uff09\u884c\u53f7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>field<\/td><td>\u57df\uff0c\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5217 =&gt; NF\uff08Number Field\uff09\u5217\u53f7\uff0c$NF\u4ee3\u8868\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># cat \/server\/files\/awkfile.txt\nroot:x:0:0:root:\/root:\/bin\/bash\nbin:x:1:1:bin:\/bin:\/sbin\/nologin\ndaemon:x:2:2:daemon:\/sbin:\/sbin\/nologin\nadm:x:3:4:adm:\/var\/adm:\/sbin\/nologin\nlp:x:4:7:lp:\/var\/spool\/lpd:\/sbin\/nologin\nsync:x:5:0:sync:\/sbin:\/bin\/sync\nshutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:\/sbin:\/sbin\/shutdown\nhalt:x:7:0:halt:\/sbin:\/sbin\/halt\nmail:x:8:12:mail:\/var\/spool\/mail:\/sbin\/nologin\nuucp:x:10:14:uucp:\/var\/spool\/uucp:\/sbin\/nologin<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u601d\u8003\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u884c\u5462\uff1f\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff1f\u901a\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u6807\u5fd7\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u90fd\u662f\u5177\u6709\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u5806\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u5206\u9694\uff08\\n\uff09\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/codeYWRhMzM3M2Q1NzI2MDMyZDJjM2YyYThlZDZmODY0YzhfcDlGcDRYbTRKUGowZExNTUNpQ2JPbVM1VmVGZkJxaUtfVG9rZW46V2hJb2JvNFZJb0M4a2l4bHlUeGNlaDlHbjRjXzE3Nzg0OTcxNTI6MTc3ODUwMDc1Ml9WNA.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08record\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460 RS\u65e2record separator\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6ca1\u7684\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u65e2\u884c\u4e0e\u884c\u4e4b\u95f4\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\\n\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u6574\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461 NR\u65e2number of record \u8bb0\u5f55\uff08\u884c\uff09\u53f7\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08\u884c\uff09\u7684\u53f7\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462 ORS\u65e2output record separator \u8f93\u51fa\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cfRS\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u8f93\u5165\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08\u884c\u4e0e\u884c\uff09\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0cRS\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7BEGIN\u6a21\u5757\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk &#039;BEGIN{RS=&quot;\/&quot;}{print NR,$0}&#039; \/server\/files\/awkfile.txt \n1 root:x:0:0:root:\n2 root:\n3 bin\n4 bash\nbin:x:1:1:bin:\n5 bin:\n6 sbin\n7 nologin\ndaemon:x:2:2:daemon:\n8 sbin:\n9 sbin\n10 nologin\nadm:x:3:4:adm:\n11 var\n12 adm:\n13 sbin\n14 nologin\nlp:x:4:7:lp:\n15 var\n16 spool\n17 lpd:\n18 sbin\n19 nologin\nsync:x:5:0:sync:\n20 sbin:\n21 bin\n22 sync\nshutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:\n23 sbin:\n24 sbin\n25 shutdown\nhalt:x:7:0:halt:\n26 sbin:\n27 sbin\n28 halt\nmail:x:8:12:mail:\n29 var\n30 spool\n31 mail:\n32 sbin\n33 nologin\nuucp:x:10:14:uucp:\n34 var\n35 spool\n36 uucp:\n37 sbin\n38 nologin\n\n\u547d\u4ee4\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\nBEGIN\uff1a\u5f00\u59cb\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5728awk\u5f00\u59cb\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\u6267\u884c1\u6b21\nEND\uff1a\u7ed3\u675f\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5728awk\u5904\u7406\u6240\u6709\u884c\u540e\u6267\u884c1\u6b21\n\n\u5728\u6bcf\u884c\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u5148\u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51faNR\uff08\u8bb0\u5f55\u53f7\u884c\u53f7\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c$0\uff08\u6574\u884c\uff09\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\n\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6eRS\uff08\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff09\u7684\u503c\u4e3a\u201c\uff0f\u201d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u884c\uff08\u8bb0\u5f55\uff09\u4ee5\u201c\uff0f\u201d\u7ed3\u675f\n\u5728awk\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4ece\u5934\u5230\u5c3e\u4e00\u6bb5\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u6070\u5de7\u4e2d\u95f4\u6709\u4e9b\\n\uff08\u56de\u8f66\u6362\u884c\u7b26\uff09\uff0c\\n\u4e5f\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u54e6\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e0b\u201c\u884c\uff08\u8bb0\u5f55\uff09\u201d\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u884c\uff08\u8bb0\u5f55\uff09\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4ee5\\n\uff08\u56de\u8f66\u6362\u884c\uff09\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u4e0d\u5c31\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u561b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6240\u4ee5\u5728awk\u4e2d\uff0cRS\uff08\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff09\u53d8\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u7740\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26\u53f7\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u56de\u8f66\u6362\u884c\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539RS\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u201c\u6bcf\u884c\u201d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u4eba\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\uff0cawk\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u628aRS\u7684\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u201c\\n\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u7684BEGIN\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5728\u540e\u9762\uff08\u6a21\u5f0f-BEGIN\u6a21\u5757\uff09\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u5927\u5bb6\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5728BEGIN\u6a21\u5757\u91cc\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e9bawk\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9<code class=\"prettyprint\" >$0<\/code>\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk '{print NR,$$NF,$$0,$$1,$$2,...}'<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NR\uff1a\u884c\u53f7\uff0c\u6253\u5370\u884c\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NF\uff1aNF\u4ee3\u8868\u5217\u53f7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u524d\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\uff0c\u5219\u4ee3\u8868\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$0\uff1a\u6574\u884c\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\uff1a\u6309\u7167-F\u5206\u5272\u540e\uff0c1\u4ee3\u8868\u5206\u5272\u540e\u7684\u7b2c1\u5217<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2\uff1a\u6309\u7167-F\u5206\u5272\u540e\uff0c2\u4ee3\u8868\u5206\u5272\u540e\u7684\u7b2c2\u5217<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u8fd0\u884c\u53ef\u77e5\uff1aawk\u4e2d$$0\u8868\u793a\u6574\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u5b9eawk\u4f7f\u7528$$0\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6574\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u5b58\u5728RS\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4ee5RS\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53e6\u5916\uff0cawk\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u53f7\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cfNR\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u6bcf\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0cNR\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8+1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b2\uff1aNR\u8bb0\u5f55\u884c\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk &#039;{print NR,$0}&#039; \/server\/files\/awkfile.txt \n1 root:x:0:0:root:\/root:\/bin\/bash\n2 bin:x:1:1:bin:\/bin:\/sbin\/nologin\n3 daemon:x:2:2:daemon:\/sbin:\/sbin\/nologin\n4 adm:x:3:4:adm:\/var\/adm:\/sbin\/nologin\n5 lp:x:4:7:lp:\/var\/spool\/lpd:\/sbin\/nologin\n6 sync:x:5:0:sync:\/sbin:\/bin\/sync\n7 shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:\/sbin:\/sbin\/shutdown\n8 halt:x:7:0:halt:\/sbin:\/sbin\/halt\n9 mail:x:8:12:mail:\/var\/spool\/mail:\/sbin\/nologin\n10 uucp:x:10:14:uucp:\/var\/spool\/uucp:\/sbin\/nologin\n\n\u547d\u4ee4\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\nNR\u65e2number of record\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u53f7\uff0c\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u884c\u53f7\u3002\n$0\u8868\u793a\u6574\u884c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u6574\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f01\u4e1a\u9762\u8bd5\u9898\uff1a\u6309\u5355\u8bcd\u51fa\u73b0\u9891\u7387\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff08\u8ba1\u7b97\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u6570\u91cf\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" >sed -r &#039;1,10s#&#091;^a-zA-Z]+# #g&#039; \/etc\/passwd |head &gt; \/server\/files\/count.txt \n# cat \/server\/files\/count.txt \nroot x root root bin bash\nbin x bin bin sbin nologin\ndaemon x daemon sbin sbin nologin\nadm x adm var adm sbin nologin\nlp x lp var spool lpd sbin nologin\nsync x sync sbin bin sync\nshutdown x shutdown sbin sbin shutdown\nhalt x halt sbin sbin halt\nmail x mail var spool mail sbin nologin\nuucp x uucp var spool uucp sbin nologin<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u601d\u8def\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u5355\u8bcd\u6392\u6210\u4e00\u5217\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u90fd\u662f\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460 \u8bbe\u7f6eRS\u503c\u4e3a\u7a7a\u683c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461 \u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u56de\u8f66\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u201c\\n\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462 \u57fa\u4e8esort + uniq -c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bcd\u9891\u7edf\u8ba1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65b9\u6848\u4e00\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk &#039;BEGIN{RS=&quot;&#091; ]+&quot;}{print $0}&#039; \/server\/files\/count.txt |grep -Ev &#039;^$&#039; |sort |uniq -c |sort -nr<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6548\u679c\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/codeMDYzNjhmMjE1MTcyYzZjNWQwOGJlMWZlZjY4YjNkOTNfQmZlbWZMMm5sQnowYm5ucWppVUw2dFNJWWVYZjVDUHJfVG9rZW46WmFjTmI5T0pob3RkTkp4ZWVOSWNxY2RZblhjXzE3Nzg0OTcxNTI6MTc3ODUwMDc1Ml9WNA.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65b9\u6848\u4e8c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># cat count.txt | tr &quot; &quot; &quot;\\n&quot; | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c0f\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u540e\u9047\u5230\u8bcd\u9891\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u5927\u81f4\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff1a\u2460 \u60f3\u529e\u6cd5\u628a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u5355\u72ec\u653e\u4e00\u884c \u2461 sort + uniq -c \u2462 \u6700\u540e\u5728\u5347\u5e8f\u6216\u964d\u5e8f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"toc-4\">5. awk\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08\u5217\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\uff08field\uff09\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u533a\u57df\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u662f\u7531\u7a7a\u683c\uff08\u5373\u7a7a\u683c\u6216\u5236\u8868\u7b26\uff09\u6765\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cfFS\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u533a\u57df\u6570\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728awk\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cfNF\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a b c d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/codeNjU0OTEzZGRiMGE2MDU2Zjk0YjNjNWI4ZDczYzc3MzZfQU55bkI0cXVPZkkxOVJ2N01MRDREcHVrdzBFM0dJNktfVG9rZW46SU01cWJzQnNYb3NrVmh4QXR2U2NGRmk5blNiXzE3Nzg0OTcxNTI6MTc3ODUwMDc1Ml9WNA.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FS\u65e2field separator,\u8f93\u5165\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08\u5217\uff09\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u3002\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u5c31\u662f\u83dc\u5200\uff0c\u628a\u4e00\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5207\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NF\u65e2number of fileds\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u884c\u4e2d\u5217\uff08\u5b57\u6bb5\uff09\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u83dc\u5200\u5207\u8fc7\u4e00\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u5207\u6210\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">OFS\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08\u5217\uff09\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460 awk\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cfFS\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u533a\u57df\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0cFS\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0a\u901a\u8fc7-F\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7BEGIN\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461 \u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7n,n\u662f\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u6765\u53d6\u88ab\u5207\u5272\u540e\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c1\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\uff0c2\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\uff0cNF\u53d6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b1\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F &quot;:&quot; &#039;NR&gt;=2&amp;&amp;NR&lt;=5{print $1,$3}&#039; \/server\/files\/awkfile.txt \nbin 1\ndaemon 2\nadm 3\nlp 4\n\n\u547d\u4ee4\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\n\u4ee5\uff1a\uff08\u5192\u53f7\uff09\u4e3a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u7b2c2\u884c\u5230\u7b2c5\u884c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u533a\u57df\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b2\uff1a\u63d0\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># echo &quot;I am eric,my qq is 1234567890&quot; &gt;&gt; \/server\/files\/test.txt\n# cat \/server\/files\/test.txt \nI am eric,my qq is 1234567890<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u601d\u8def\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u4e00\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u628a\u5200\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u914d\u5408\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u628a\u5200\u5462\uff1f\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F &quot;&#091; ,]&quot; &#039;{print $3,$NF}&#039; \/server\/files\/test.txt \neric 1234567890\n\n\u547d\u4ee4\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\n\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4-F\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u533a\u57df\u5206\u9694\u7b26\n&#091; ,]\u662f\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u201d\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u65e2\u7a7a\u683c\u6216\u8005\u9017\u53f7\uff08,\uff09\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c-F \u201c&#091; ,]\u201d\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u6216\u8005\u9017\u53f7\uff08,\uff09\u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c0f\u6280\u5de7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u52a8\u4f5c\uff08{print $3,$NF}\uff09\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u9017\u53f7\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u9017\u53f7\u5c31\u662fOFS\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u540e\u9762\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u5bb6\u628a\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u90fd\u9017\u53f7\uff0c\u5f53\u4f5c\u7a7a\u683c\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"toc-5\">6. awk\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># vim \/server\/files\/awkblank.txt \n          inet addr:192.168.197.133  Bcast:192.168.197.255  Mask:255.255.255.0\n\n#\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u65f6\u5019\uff08\u6309\u7a7a\u683c\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5272\uff09\n# awk &#039;{print $1}&#039; \/server\/files\/awkblank.txt \ninet\n\n\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u91c7\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u5207\u5272\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5de6\u8fb9\u6709\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u7a7a\u767d\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5ffd\u7565\u6b64\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\n\n#\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u65f6\u5019\uff08\u4eba\u4e3a\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff09\n# awk -F &quot;&#091; :]+&quot; &#039;{print $1}&#039; \/server\/files\/awkblank.txt \n\n# awk -F &quot;&#091; :]+&quot; &#039;{print $2}&#039; \/server\/files\/awkblank.txt \ninet\n\n\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u91c7\u7528\u4eba\u4e3a\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u5207\u5272\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5de6\u8fb9\u6709\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u7a7a\u767d\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5219\u4eba\u4e3a\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u5757\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u5207\u5272\u3002\n\n\u547d\u4ee4\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\nawk\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684FS\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a7a\u683c\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683ctab\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5207\u5272\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u662f\u4ece$1\u5f00\u59cb<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624d\u662finet\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c$1\u662f\u6709\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6307\u5b9a\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff08\u975e\u7a7a\u683c\uff09\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u533a\u57df\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u53d8\u5316\uff0c$2\u624d\u6709\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"toc-6\">7. awk\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e\u52a8\u4f5c\u8fdb\u9636<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e\u52a8\u4f5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e0b\uff0cawk\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2606 \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2606 \u6bd4\u8f83\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u5f0f NR&gt;=2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2606 \u8303\u56f4\u6a21\u5f0f NR&gt;=2 &amp;&amp; NR &lt;= 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2606 \u7279\u6b8a\u6a21\u5f0fBEGIN\u548cEND<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b1\uff1aawk\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u6574\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">sed '\/\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\/'<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk '\/\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\/'<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk '$0~\/\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\/'\uff0c$0\u4ee3\u8868\u6574\u884c\uff0c~\u6ce2\u6d6a\u7ebf\u540e\u9762\u6839\u7684\u5c31\u662f\/\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F &quot;:&quot; &#039;\/^root\/&#039; awkfile.txt\n\u6216\n# awk -F &quot;:&quot; &#039;$0~\/^root\/&#039; awkfile.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u53ea\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5339\u914d\u6574\u884c\u7684\u5373\u2018$0~\/root\/\u2019\u548c\u2018\/root\/\u2019\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b2\uff1aawk\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u5217<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F &quot;:&quot; &#039;$5~\/shutdown\/&#039; awkfile.txt <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$5\u8868\u793a\u7b2c\u4e94\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\uff08\u5217\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">~\u8868\u793a\u5339\u914d\uff08\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\/shutdown\/\u8868\u793a\u5339\u914dshutdown\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c$5~\/shutdown\/\u8868\u793a\u7b2c\u4e94\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\uff08\u5217\uff09\u5339\u914d\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\/shutdown\/\uff0c\u65e2\u7b2c5\u5217\u5305\u542bshutdown\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5219\u663e\u793a\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b3\uff1a\u67d0\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u548c\u7ed3\u5c3e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770bawk\u6b63\u5219\u4e0egrep\u548csed\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>^<\/td><td>\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5f00\u5934<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>$<\/td><td>\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6570\u636e\u96c6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># cat &gt;&gt;\/server\/files\/reg.txt&lt;&lt;KOF\nZhang Dandan    41117397    :250:100:175\nZhao  Xiaoyu    390320151   :155:90:201\nMeng  Feixue    80042789    :250:60:50\nWu    Yujia     70271111    :250:80:75\nLiu   Bingbing  41117483    :250:100:175\nWang  Yangming  3515064655  :50:95:135\nGuan  Tingting  1986787350  :250:168:200\nLi    Xinxin     918391635   :175:75:300\nLiao  Feifan     918391635   :250:100:175\nKOF<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u662f\u59d3\u6c0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u662f\u540d\u5b57<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u59d3\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684ID\u53f7\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u540e\u4e09\u5217\u662f\u4e09\u6b21\u6350\u6b3e\u6570\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ec3\u4e60\u98981:\u663e\u793a\u59d3Zhang\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6350\u6b3e\u91d1\u989d\u53ca\u5979\u7684\u540d\u5b57<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F &quot;&#091; :]+&quot; &#039;$1~\/^Zhang\/{print $2,$(NF-1)}&#039; reg.txt <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ec3\u4e60\u98982:\u663e\u793aXiaoyu\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548cID\u53f7\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u9017\u53f7\u9694\u5f00<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F &quot;&#091; :]+&quot; &#039;$2~\/^Xiaoyu$\/{print $2&quot;,&quot;$3}&#039; reg.txt \n\n\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\n\u5982\u679c{print $2,$3}\uff0c\u5219\u4e24\u8005\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u6309\u7a7a\u683c\u9694\u5f00\u7684\n\u5982\u679c{print $2&quot;,&quot;$3}\uff0c\u5219\u4e24\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u9694\u5f00     <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ec3\u4e60\u98983:\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u4ee541\u5f00\u5934\u7684ID\u53f7\u7801\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5168\u540d\u548cID\u53f7\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F &quot;&#091; :]+&quot; &#039;$3~\/^(41)\/{print $1,$2,$3}&#039; reg.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ec3\u4e60\u98984:\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2aD\u6216X\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u4eba\u540d\u5168\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F &quot;&#091; :]+&quot; &#039;$2~\/^D|^X\/{print $1,$2}&#039; reg.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ec3\u4e60\u98985:\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709ID\u53f7\u7801\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\u662f1\u62165\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5168\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F &quot;&#091; :]+&quot; &#039;$3~\/1$|5$\/{print $1,$2}&#039; reg.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b4\uff1a\u53d6\u51fa\u7f51\u5361ens33\/ens160\u7684ip\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VMware16 =&gt; ens33<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VMware17 =&gt; ens160<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u5361 =&gt; eth0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u7b80\u5355\uff1ahostname -I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" >ifconfig ens33 |sed -n &#039;2p&#039; |awk -F&quot;&#091; ]+&quot; &#039;{print $3}&#039;\n\u6216\nifconfig ens160 |sed -n &#039;2p&#039; |awk -F&quot;&#091; ]+&quot; &#039;{print $3}&#039;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b5\uff1a\u53d6\u51fa\u5e38\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff08\u9762\u8bd5\uff09 \u601d\u8def\uff1a linux\u4e0b\u9762\u670d\u52a1\u4e0e\u7aef\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u8868\u683c\u5728\/etc\/services\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u8981\u5904\u7406\/etc\/services\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># sed -n &#039;23,30p&#039; \/etc\/services\ntcpmux        1\/tcp               # TCP port service multiplexer\ntcpmux        1\/udp               # TCP port service multiplexer\nrje           5\/tcp               # Remote Job Entry\nrje           5\/udp               # Remote Job Entry\necho          7\/tcp\necho          7\/udp\ndiscard       9\/tcp       sink null\ndiscard       9\/udp       sink null<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece23\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u662ftcp\u6216udp\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F &quot;&#091; \/]+&quot; &#039;$1~\/^(ssh)$|^(http)$|^(https)$|^(mysql)$|^(ftp)$\/{print $1,$2}&#039; \/etc\/services |sort|uniq\nftp 21\nhttp 80\nhttps 443\nmysql 3306\nssh 22\n\n\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\n|\u662f\u6216\u8005\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nsort\u662f\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u6392\u5e8f\nuniq\u662f\u53bb\u91cd\u590d\u4f46\u4e0d\u6807\u8bb0\u91cd\u590d\u4e2a\u6570\nuniq -c\u53bb\u91cd\u590d\u4f46\u6807\u8bb0\u91cd\u590d\u4e2a\u6570<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"toc-7\">8. BEGIN\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0eEND\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/codeNWEyNWIzZWQxMzVjNGE5MGI4NDEwMzQ3ZGZhMzEzYWNfYkdwMTVZZFkxWDhWdlhaZUZMUGFIaG45ZUkxT0dmTjVfVG9rZW46VkZtUGJaMVdLb3IwUWJ4UHBzWWNFUWE1blRmXzE3Nzg0OTcxNTI6MTc3ODUwMDc1Ml9WNA.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u2606 BEGIN\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">BEGIN\u6a21\u5757\u5728awk\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\uff0ceg:FS\uff0cRS),\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u51fa\u8868\u5934\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3cexcel\u8868\u683c\u540d\u79f0\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">BEGIN\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e4b\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u5728\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7ed9\u5185\u5bb9\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662fBEGIN\u6a21\u5f0f\u540e\u9762\u8981\u63a5\u8ddf\u4e00\u4e2aaction\u64cd\u4f5c\u5757\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5927\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u3002awk\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u524d\u5148\u6267\u884cBEGIN\u91cc\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff08action\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u8981\u4efb\u4f55\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9BEGIN\u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aawk\u9700\u8981\u5148\u6267\u884c\u5b8cBEGIN\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u624d\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u505a\u5904\u7406\u3002BEGIN\u6a21\u5f0f\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cfORS\uff0cRS\uff0cFS\uff0cOFS\u7b49\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b1\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528BEGIN\u8bbe\u5b9a\u8868\u5934\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">BEGIN\u6a21\u5757\u5b8c\u6574\u5199\u6cd5\uff1aBEGIN{}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk -F: &#039;BEGIN{print &quot;username&quot;,&quot;UID&quot;}{print $1,$3}&#039; awkfile.txt \nusername UID  #\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u8868\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\nroot 0\nbin 1\ndaemon 2\nadm 3\nlp 4\nsync 5\nshutdown 6\nhalt 7\nmail 8\nuucp 10<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8981\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9busername\u548cUID\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u60f3\u5230BEGIN{}\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aBEGIN{}\u5728awk\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6240\u4ee5\u7ed3\u679c\u662fBEGIN{print \"username\",\"UID\"},\u6ce8\u610fprint\u547d\u4ee4\u91cc\u9762\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u5403\u5565\u5410\u5565\uff0c\u539f\u6837\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e4b\u524d\u8f93\u51fa\u201cusername\u201d\u548c\u201cUID\u201d\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\u5373{print $$1$$3}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u540e\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662fBEGIN{print \"username\",\"UID\"}{print $$1$$3}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b2\uff1aawk\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9aRS\uff0c\u884c\u4e0e\u884c\u4e4b\u95f4\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk &#039;BEGIN{RS=&quot;\/&quot;}{print NR,$0}&#039; \/server\/files\/awkfile.txt \n1 root:x:0:0:root:\n2 root:\n3 bin\n4 bash\nbin:x:1:1:bin:\n5 bin:\n6 sbin\n7 nologin<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b3\uff1aawk\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u5373\u53ef<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u4e2d\u5b57\u6bcd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u771f\u7684\u8981\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u5b57\u6bcd\uff08\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk &#039;BEGIN{a=abcd;print a}&#039;\n# awk &#039;BEGIN{abcd=123456;a=abcd;print a}&#039;\n123456\n# awk &#039;BEGIN{a=&quot;abcd&quot;;print a}&#039;\nabcd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c0f\u7ed3\uff1a\u2460 \u8f93\u51fa\u8868\u5934 \u2461 \u6307\u5b9aRS\u884c\u4e0e\u884c\u4e4b\u95f4\u5206\u9694\u7b26 \u2462 awk\u672c\u8eab\u652f\u6301\u6570\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528BEGIN\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u2606 END\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u4e0eBEGIN\u76f8\u547c\u5e94\uff0c\u5728awk\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1END\u6a21\u5757\uff08\u53ea\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d11\u6b21\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" >awk &#039;\u52a8\u4f5c END{print xxx}&#039;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a awk\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u6536\u5c3e\u64cd\u4f5c \u2460 \u6570\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c \u2461 \u8f93\u51fa\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u7b49\u7b49<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b1\uff1a\u7edf\u8ba1\/etc\/servies\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u7684\u7a7a\u884c\u6570\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u601d\u8def\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a) \u7a7a\u884c\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a^$\uff0cgrep\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\uff0csed\/awk\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\/\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b) \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u91cf\uff1awc -l\uff0cgrep -c\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528awk\u6570\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">grep\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># grep &quot;^$&quot; \/etc\/services | wc -l\n16\n\n# grep -c &quot;^$&quot; \/etc\/services\n16\n\n\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\ngrep\u547d\u4ee4-c\u8868\u793acount\u8ba1\u6570\u7edf\u8ba1\u5305\u542b^$\u7684\u884c\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" >awk &#039;\/^$\/&#039; \/etc\/services |wc -l\n\u6216\nawk &#039;BEGIN{i=0}; \/^$\/{i=i+1}\uff1bEND{print &quot;blank lines count:&quot;i}&#039; \/etc\/services\n\u6216\nawk &#039;\/^$\/{i=i+1}\uff1bEND{print &quot;blank lines count:&quot;i}&#039; \/etc\/services\n\n\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5728awk\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u53d8\u91cf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a0\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7BEGIN\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u662f0<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63d0\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86awk\u7684\u6280\u672f\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5f88\u5e38\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u7a7a\u884c\u4e2a\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" >\/^$\/\u8868\u793a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u51fa\u7a7a\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c{i++}(i++\u7b49\u4e8ei=i+1)\u5373:\/^$\/{i=i+1}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\/^$\/{i=i+1;print i}\u6765\u67e5\u770bawk\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" >awk\u7f16\u7a0b\u601d\u60f3\uff1a\n\u5148\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u518dEND\u6a21\u5757\u8f93\u51fa\n{print NR,$0}body\u6a21\u5757\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\nEND{print &quot;end of file&quot;}\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b2\uff1aawk\u652f\u6301\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0cawk\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u65e2\u652f\u6301\u6574\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u5c0f\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">echo \"1 + 1.5\" |bc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" >echo | awk &#039;{print 1+2}&#039;\necho | awk &#039;{print 1+1.5}&#039;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6848\u4f8b3\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6count.txt,\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u662f1\u5230100\uff08\u7531seq 100\u751f\u6210\uff09\uff0c\u8bf7\u8ba1\u7b97\u6587\u4ef6\u6bcf\u884c\u503c\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u8ba1\u7b971+...+100\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u601d\u8def\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6587\u4ef6\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u90fd\u6709\u4e14\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8ba9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6bcf\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u76f8\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e0a\u4e00\u9053\u9898\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u7684\u662fi++\u5373i=i+1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">i=i+$0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u4e0a\u8fb9\u76841\u6362\u6210\u4e86$0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" ># awk &#039;{i=i+$0}END{print i}&#039; count.txt <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9762\u8bd5\u9898\uff1a\u5728awk\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528$1\u53d6\u51fa\u7b2c1\u5217\uff0c$NF\u53d6\u51fa\u6700\u540e1\u5217\uff0cNR==1\u4ee3\u8868\u7b2c1\u884c\uff0c\u95eeawk\u5982\u4f55\u53d6\u51fa\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"prettyprint\" >tail -1 \/server\/files\/awkfile.txt\n\u6216\nawk &#039;END{print $0}&#039; \/server\/files\/awkfile.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u590d\u4e60\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aawk -F\"\u5206\u9694\u7b26\" '\u6a21\u5f0f{\u52a8\u4f5c}' \u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-F\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u666e\u901a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5982\u9017\u53f7\u3001\u7a7a\u683c\u3001\u6a2a\u5c97\u7b49\u7b49\uff1b\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f-F \"[ ,]+\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2460 \u6307\u5b9a\u884c\uff0cNR==5\uff0cNR &gt;= 3 &amp;&amp; NR &lt;= 6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2461 \u6761\u4ef6\uff0c$1 &gt;= 18\uff0c\u7b2c1\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u503c\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e18\uff0c\u5219\u663e\u793a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6574\u884c\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2462 \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f =&gt; \/\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\/ =&gt; '\/\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\/{xxx}'\uff0c\u5982'$1~\/0-9\/'<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a8\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">{print $1,$2,$NF}\uff0c$1\u7b2c1\u5217\uff0c$2\u7b2c2\u5217\uff0c$NF\u6700\u540e1\u5217<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">{print 100-$8}\uff0cawk\u672c\u8eab\u652f\u6301\u6570\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">BEGIN\/END\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk 'BEGIN{RS=\"\/\"}'\uff0c\u628a\u884c\u4e0e\u884c\u4e4b\u95f4\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\/\u5de6\u659c\u6760<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk 'NR==1{print $0}'\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">awk 'END{print $0}'\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u628a\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u5199\u5199<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1aBEGIN\u5728awk\u5904\u7406\u4e4b\u524d\u6267\u884c\uff0cEND\u5728awk\u5904\u7406\u4e4b\u540e\u6267\u884c\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u53ea\u4f1a\u6267\u884c1\u6b21\uff01\uff01\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f5c\u7528\uff1aawk\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5982\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u7b49\u3002 1. awk\u6982\u8ff0 awk\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-shell"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/205","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=205"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/205\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":213,"href":"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/205\/revisions\/213"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=205"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=205"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xxiaoteng.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=205"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}